Bài tập bổ trợ Tiếng Anh Lớp 10 Global Success - Unit 9: Protecting the environment (Có đáp án)

 Deplete Cạn kiệt Food supplies are severely depleted.
/di’pli:t/ Nguồn thức ăn bị cạn kiệt nghiêm trọng.
(v)
Depletion Sự cạn kiệt Over - exploitation of oil will lead to the 
/ di’pli: ʃən/ depletion of this natural resource.
(n) Việc khai thác quá mức sẽ dẫn đến sự cạn kiệt 
 nguồn tài nguyên này.
Destruction Sự phá hủy, sự We should be responsible for the destruction 
/di’str ʌk ʃən/ hủy diệt of the forest.
 Chúng ta nên chịu trách nhiệm cho việc phá 
 hủy rừng.
Ecosystem Hệ sinh thái Tourism is damaging our ecosystem. Ngành 
/’i :kə ʊ,sistəm/ du lịch đang gây hại đến hệ sinh thái của 
(n) chúng ta.
Editor Biên tập viên She is an editor
/’editər/ Cơ ấy là biên tập viên.
(n)
Fertilizer Phân bĩn The overuse of chemical fertilzen can lead to 
/’f ɜ:tilaizər/ soil pollution.
(n) Việc sử dụng phân bĩn hĩa học quá mức cĩ 
 thể dẫn đến ơ nhiễm đất.
Fossil fuel Nhiên liệu hĩa Fossil fuels are non - renewable energy 
/’f ɒsəl’fju:əl/ thạch sources such as coal or oil formed from dead 
(n) animals and flants underground.
 Nhiên liệu hĩa thạch là các nguồn năng lượng 
 khơng thể tái tạo như than đá, dầu mà được 
 hình thành từ động thực vật chết dưới đất.
Global warming Sự nĩng lên tồn Global warming is one of the biggest problém 
/gləʊbl cầu that we are facing.
w ɔ:miŋ/ Sự nĩng lên tồn cầu là một trong những vấn 
(n) đề lớn nhất mà chúng ta đang đối mặt.
Greenhouse effect Hiệu ứng nhà Greenhouse effect is the gradual increase of 
/’gri:nhaʊs kính temperature on the earth’s surface.
I’fekt/ Hiệu ứng nhà kính là sự tăng nhiệt độ từ từ 
(n) lên bề mặt trái đất.
Inorganic Vơ cơ Dumping inorganic waste in the ground cause 
/in ɔ:’gỉnik/ soil pollution.
(adj) Đổ rác vơ cơ vào đất gây ra sự ơ nhiễm đất.
Long - term Dài hạn They should have a long-term investment in 
/lɒŋ’tɜ:m/ this project.
(adj) Họ nên cĩ sự đầu tư dài hạn vào dự án này. Trực tiếp: He said,”I am a student.”
 Gián tiếp: He said (that) he was a student.
2. Types of sentences in reported speech ( các loại câu trong lời nĩi gián tiếp)
a. Statements ( Câu kể/ Câu trần thuật)
 Câu trần thuật là kiểu câu dùng để kể, xác nhận, miêu tả, thơng báo, nhận định, trình bày về 
những hiện tượng, những hoạt động, trạng thái, tính chất trong thực tế.
 E.g: “Mary said,” I am watching TV”
- Khi chuyển một câu trần thuật trực tiếp sang gián tiếp thì chúng ta phải thực hiện như sau:
+ Dùng động từ say hoặc tell:
Form: 
 S + say/ say to sb/ tell sb (that) + S + 
+ Đổi các đại từ nhân xưng, tính từ sở hữu, ..sao cho tương ứng với mệnh đề chính 
 E.g:
 Trực tiếp: Nga said,”I am reading books.”
 Gián tiếp: Nga said (that) she was reading books.
 Trực tiếp: She said, “My brother is a doctor”.
 Gián tiếp: She said (that) her brother was a doctor.
+ Thay đổi “thì” của động từ
- “thì” của động từ trong lời nĩi gián tiếp thay đổi theo một nguyên tắc chung là lùi thì:
Form
 S + said/ said to sb/ told sb (that) + S + V( lùi thì )..
Saul đây là bảng chỉ sự thay đổi “thì” của động từ trong lời nĩi Gián tiếp.
Lời nĩi trực tiếp ( Direct speech) Lời nĩi gián tiếp ( Reported speech)
Hiện tại đơn Quá khứ đơn
He said, “I work in a bank.” -> He said (that) he worked in a bank
Hiện tại tiếp diễn Quá khứ tiếp diễn
Nam said, I am talking to my brother.” -> Nam said (that) he was talking to his brother.
Hiện tại hồn thành Quá khứ hồn thành
Mr Ha said, “ I have bought a computer.” -> Mr Ha said (that) he had bought a computer. *Note:
 - “should, ought to, would” giữ nguyên trong lời nĩi gián tiếp.
 - Động từ “tell” phải cĩ tân ngữ.
 E.g: She told me that he was a student.
- Động từ “say” cĩ thể cĩ tân ngữ hoặc khơng. Nếu muốn đề cập đến người nghe, ta dùng “to”
 E.g: She said to me that she was doing the housework.
b. Questions ( câu hỏi )
Câu hỏi được chia làm loại:
+ Yes/ No questions ( câu hỏi yes/ No ):
- Câu hỏi yes/ no là loại câu hỏi được trả lời bằng yes/ no.
 E.g
 Are you a doctor?
 Does he live here?
- Để chuyển một hỏi yes/ no từ trực tiếp sang gián tiếp thì chúng ta làm theo cấu trúc sau:
 S1 + asked + (O) + IF/ WHETHER + S2 + V (lùi thì).
- Tân ngữ sau động từ “ask” cĩ thể cĩ hoặc khơng.
 E.g
 Trực tiếp: Miss Nga said, “Are you a foreigner?”
 Gián tiếp: Miss Nga asked (me) if/ whether I was a foreigner.
 Trực tiếp: “Does John understand music? He asked.
 Gián tiếp: He asked (me) if/ whether John understood music.
+ WH - questions ( Câu hỏi cĩ từ để hỏi )
- Câu hỏi cĩ từ để hỏi là loại câu hỏi mà người hỏi muốn biết thêm thơng tin và cần được giải đáp.
 E.g
 What are you doing now?
 Where did you go yesterday?
- Để chuyển câu hỏi cĩ từ để hỏi từ trực tiếp sang gián tiếp thì chúng ta làm theo cấu trúc sau: Trực tiếp: Lan said to Hung: “Open your book.” ( Hung là tân ngữ )
 Gián tiếp: Lan told/ asked Hung to open his book.
- Đối với những câu mà người nghe được đặt ở vị trí cuối câu ( cĩ dấu phẩy trước người nghe) thì ta lấy 
đĩ sử dụng .
 E.g
 Trực tiếp: “ Help me clean the house, Nga”. Said Hung ( Nga là tân ngữ )
 Gián tiếp: Hung asked. Told nga to help her clean the house.
- Đối với những câu mà khơng cĩ người nghe được nhắc đến phía ngồi dấu ngoặc và khơng tìm thấy ở cuối 
câu thì ta xem xét phía trước người nĩi cĩ tính từ sở hữu hay khơng. Nếu cĩ thì ta lấy đĩ làm tân ngữ.
 E.g
 Trực tiếp: Her mother said: “Don’t talk loudly in the room.” ( mẹ của cơ ấy => người nghe là cơ 
ấy, tân ngữ là her)
 Gián tiếp: Her mother asked/ told her not to talk loudly in the room.
- Đối với những câu mà khơng thể tìm được tân ngữ theo 3 cách trên thì dùng “me” ( tơi ) làm tân ngữ ( 
người nghe )
 E.g
 Trực tiếp: Lan said:”Go home work.”
 Gián tiếp: Lan asked/ told me to go home then.
D. Một số trường hợp khơng thay đổi “thì” của động từ
- Động từ trong mệnh đề chính ở thì hiện tại đơn ( say/ says ), hiện tại tiếp diễn ( is/ are saying ); hiện 
tại hồn thành “ ( have said/ has said ); tương lai đơn ( will say )
 Trực tiếp: Tom says, “ I am fine “.
 Gián tiếp: Tom says he is fine. ( Tom nĩi anh ấy khỏe )
- Lời nĩi trực tiếp diễn tả một chân lý, sự thật hiển nhiên.
 Trực tiếp: He said, “ The sun rises in the East.”
 Gián tiếp: He said ( that ) the sun sises in the East.
- Lời nĩi trực tiếp là các câu điều kiện loại II và III
 Trực tiếp: “ If I were you, I would meet her” he said.
 Gián tiếp: He said that if he were me, he would meet her.
- Lời nĩi trực tiếp là cấu trúc “ Wish + past simple/ past perfect”
 Trực tiếp: “ I wish I lived in Ho Chi Minh City”, she said. 9. I wondered _________ the right thing.
 A. If I am doing B. was I doing
 C. am I doing D. whether I was doing
10. Tom ___________ that his mother was in hospital.
 A. told me B. told to me C. said me D. asked me
Bài 2: Change the statements into reported speech.
1. “She works in a bank”
He said ____ She worked in a bank ___.
2. “ We went out last night”
She told me _____they had gone out the previous night ___
3. “I’m coming!”
He said _______he was coming ___
4. “ I’d never been there before”
She said _______she had never been there before _____
5. “ I didn’t go to the party “ 
He told me ____he hadn’t gone to the party _______
6. “My mother will come later”
She said _____her mother would come later ____
7. “ He hasn’t eaten breakfast”
She told me _____he hadn’t eaten breakfast ______
8. “ You should go to bed early “
She told me ___i should go to bed early _____.
Bài 3: Change the questions into reported speech.
1. “ What are you going to do at the weekend?’
He asked me ____ what I was you going to do at the weekend __.
2. “Where will you work after graduation?”
He asked me ____ where I would work after graduation ______.
3. “How was the journey?”
He asked me _____ How the journey had been ____. 9. Mrs Linh said “ She will spend my holiday in Da Lat next month”.
10. Tom told us, “ I do not understand what you are saying.”
BÀI TẬP TỔNG HỢP NÂNG CAO
Bài 6: Choose the best answer to complete the sentence.
1. Jylia said that she ____________there at noon.
 A. is going to be B. was going to be C. will be D. can be
2. He _____________that he was leaving way that afternoon.
 A. told me B. told to me C. said me D. says to me
3. She said to me that she ______________to me the Sunday before.
 A. wrote B. has written C. was writing D. had written
4. I _____________him to sell that old motorbike.
 A. said to B. suggested C. advised D. 
recommended
5. My parents reminded me ______________ the flowers.
 A. to planting B. plant C. to plant D. planting
6. I asked Martha __________ to enter law school.
 A. are you planning B. is she planning
 C. was she planning D. if she was planning
7. Nam wanted to know what time ________________.
 A. does the movie begin B. did the movie begin
 C. the movie begins D. the movie began
8. I wondered __________________the right thing.
 A. whether I was doing B. if I am doing
 C. was I doing D. am I doing
9. The scientist said the earth ____________the sun.
 A. goes round B. is going around
 C. went around D. was going around
10. Peter said that if he ______________rich, he _______________ a lot.
 A. is - will travel B. were - would travel -> He asked ___ her to let him borrow her car_______.
Bài 9: Complete each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the 
sentence given.
1. “Would you like to go to the movies with us tonight?” they said to me.
-> They invited _____me to go to the movies with them that night _______.
2. To do this test was difficult.
-> It was ___ difficult to do this test _______.
3. The last time Bill met Tom was in 2010.
-> Bill hasn’t _______met Tom since 2010___.
4. Ms, Smith is proud of her son’s contribution to the play.
-> Ms. Smith is proud of what ____ her son can contribute/ contributed to the play____.
5. I had to cancel the birthday party because my grandmother is seriously ill.
-> I had to cancel ___ the birthday party because of grandmother’s serious illness. ___.
Bài 10. Complete each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the 
sentence given using the words in the brackets.
1. “I haven’t been home this evening, Mary” said Bill (told)
-> Bill ___ told Mary that he hadn’t been home that evening _______.
2. I haven’t seen my sister for 5 years (since)
-> It’s _____5 years since I last saw my sister ____.
3. My book was published last year. It became a best seller. (that)
-> My book, which was published last year , became a best seller ___.
4. “ I’ll pick you up at 7:00, Kate” said Mark (promised)
-> Mike __promised to pick kate up at 7.00_.
5. The bad was found later. The robbers put the money in it (in)
-> The bag ____ in which the robbers put the money was found later _______.
A. PHONETICS
I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined. 
1. A. government B. borrowing C. program D. promotion 
2. A. polar B. land C. impact D. animal 
3. A. possession B. access C. property D. American 
4. A. release B. easy C. threat D. increase 4. ____ Fossil fuels ______ are non-renewable energy sources such as coal, fuel oil and natural gas 
formed from dead plants and animals underground.
5. ___ Global warming __ is the gradual increase of temperature on the earth's surface due to 
greenhouse effect.
6. ______ Depletion ______ is the using up or reducing something like energy or resources. 
7. To _____pollute_______ is to make air, water, or soil dirty or unclean.
8. ____ Deforestation _____ is the removal or cutting down of all trees in an area for urban use and 
farm lands.
III. Choose the correct words in the bracket to complete the sentences.
 preserved forestation confused erosion
 global environment attraction environmental
1. Scientists have tried to assess the impact of human activities on the ______ environment ______.
2. We should have ____ forestation ____ plans to replace the trees cut down for farmland use in the 
region. 
3. Oceanic oil spills become a major ____ environmental _____ problem, chiefly a result of intensified 
petroleum exploitation. 
4. The rhino habitat has been perfectly _____ preserved _____ in the region. 
5. The students are somewhat ____ confused ___ by the usage of the words “preservation” and 
“conservation”.
6. Many climatologists believe that the decline in mountain glaciers is one of the first observation signs 
of _____global____ warming. 
7. Rising sea levels can add to the _____ erosion _______ of our coastlines. 
8. Waste water has polluted seas and lakes surrounding tourist ____ attraction _____, damaging the 
flora and fauna.
V. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences. 
1. Jack asked me ____.
 A. where do you come from? B. where I came from 
 C. where I come from D. where did I come from? 
2. She asked me ____ I liked pop music. 
 A. when B. what C. if D. x 
3. The doctor ____ him to take more exercise. 
 A. told B. tell C. have told D. are telling 
4. I wanted to know ____ return home. 
 A. when would she B. when will she C. when she will D. when she would 
5. Claire told me that her father ____ a race horse.
 A. owns B. owned C. owning D. A and B 
6. What did that man say ____?
 A. at you B. for you C. to you D. you 
7. I rang my friend in Australia yesterday, and she said it ____ raining there. 
 A. is B. were C. has been D. was